The public health agency warned of serious public health risks if urgent action was not taken.
The Federal Government has issued an alert warning Nigerians of the outbreak of infectious diseases across the country.
Issuing the warning on Friday via its website, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) confirmed the widespread outbreak of cholera, dengue fever, Mpox, diphtheria, and yellow fever.
The public health agency warned of serious public health risks if urgent action was not taken, arguing that the ongoing outbreaks required immediate national attention.
“The situation demands heightened vigilance and intensified response efforts from all stakeholders,” the NCDC said.
Suspected cholera cases have been reported in 34 states, with Zamfara accounting for 32 per cent of the total, as of epidemiological week 26 (June 23–29, 2025).
Other affected states include Bayelsa, Adamawa, Delta, Lagos, and Rivers.
Caused by Vibrio cholerae, Cholera can lead to severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and death if untreated.
NCDC also confirmed a dengue fever outbreak in Edo between June 9 and 13, following laboratory investigations.
Dengue, like yellow fever, is spread by Aedes mosquitoes and is being fuelled by poor sanitation and climate-related conditions.
“Nigeria is already experiencing a rising incidence of cholera, while yellow fever and dengue fever are beginning to be detected in some states,” the NCDC said.
Yellow fever has been confirmed in Abia, Anambra, Edo, Ekiti, Lagos, and Rivers states, with seven cases verified.
“The yellow fever vaccine remains the most effective prevention strategy,” the NCDC said.
The NCDC said Mpox and diphtheria remained ongoing threats.
Mpox causes fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes, while diphtheria leads to severe throat infections and breathing difficulties.
It urged citizens to take preventive steps, including eliminating mosquito breeding sites, sleeping under insecticide-treated nets, using repellents, maintaining high hygiene standards, and avoiding self-medication.
NCDC also warned that symptoms of dengue and yellow fever could mimic malaria, making timely testing and treatment essential.
